光电子学与光子学——原理与实践（第二版）（英文版）_（英） S. O. Kasap（卡萨普）_9787121173677

本书是光电子和光子学领域的经典教材，主要内容包括光的波动性、介质波导与光纤、半导体学与发光二极管、受激辐射器件——光放大器和激光器、光电探测器和图像传感器、光的偏振和调制等。每章除基本内容以外，还给出了一些附加专题来适当介绍先进技术和产品化光电子器件的实例，扩大和深化读者对基本内容的理解。本书力求采用尽可能少的数学推导而强调通过物理概念来说明原理，提供了许多例题和习题，使得基本概念与实际器件相联系。已根据采用此经典教材授课的一些教师的反馈意见，对书中内容进行了少量勘误。

Chapter 1?Wave Nature of Light?光的波动性 1.1?Light Waves in a Homogeneous Medium?均匀介质中光的波动性 A. Plane Electromagnetic Wave B. Maxwell’s Wave Equation and Diverging Waves Example 1.1.1?A diverging laser beam 1.2?Refractive Index and Dispersion?折射率和色散 Example 1.2.1?Sellmeier equation and diamond Example 1.2.2?Cauchy equation and diamond 1.3?Group Velocity and Group Index?群速度和群折射率 Example 1.3.1?Group velocity Example 1.3.2?Group velocity and index Example 1.3.3?Group and phase velocities 1.4?Magnetic Field, Irradiance, and Poynting Vector?磁场、辐照度和坡印廷矢量 Example 1.4.1?Electric and magnetic fields in light Example 1.4.2?Power and irradiance of a Gaussian beam 1.5?Snell’s Law and Total Internal Reflection (TIR) ?? 斯涅耳折射定律和全反射（TIR） Example 1.5.1?Beam displacement 1.6?Fresnel’s Equations?菲涅耳方程 A. Amplitude Reflection and Transmission Coefficients (r and t) B. Intensity, Reflectance, and Transmittance C. Goos-H?nchen Shift and Optical Tunneling Example 1.6.1?Reflection of light from aless dense medium (internal reflection) Example 1.6.2?Reflection at normal incidence, and internal and external reflection Example 1.6.3?Reflection and transmission at the Brewster angle 1.7?Antireflection Coatings and Dielectric Mirrors?增透膜和介质镜 A. Antireflection Coatings on Photodetectors and Solar Cells Example 1.7.1?Antireflection coating on a photodetector B. Dielectric Mirrors and Bragg Reflectors Example 1.7.2?Dielectric mirror 1.8?Absorption of Light and Complex Refractive Index?光的吸收和复折射率 Example 1.8.1?Complex refractive index of InP Example 1.8.2?Reflectance of CdTe around resonance absorption 1.9?Temporal and Spatial Coherence?时间相干性和空间相干性 Example 1.9.1?Coherence length of LED light 1.10?Superposition and Interference of Waves?波的叠加和干涉 1.11?Multiple Interference and Optical Resonators?多波干涉和光学谐振腔 Example 1.11.1?Resonator modes and spectral width of a semiconductor Fabry–Perot cavity 1.12?Diffraction Principles?衍射原理 A. Fraunhofer Diffraction Example 1.12.1?Resolving power of imaging systems B. Diffraction Grating Example 1.12.2?A reflection grating Additional Topics?选学专题 1.13?Interferometers?干涉仪 1.14?Thin Film Optics: Multiple Reflections in Thin Films ?? 薄膜光学——薄膜中光波的多次反射 Example 1.14.1?Thin film optics 1.15?Multiple Reflections in Plates and Incoherent Waves ?? 平板内光波多次反射和非相干波 1.16?Scattering of Light?光的散射 1.17?Photonic Crystals?光子晶体 Questions and Problems?习题 Chapter 2?Dielectric Waveguides and Optical Fibers ????? 介质波导与光纤 2.1?Symmetric Planar Dielectric Slab Waveguide?对称平面介质平板波导 A. Waveguide Condition B. Single and Multimode Waveguides C. TE and TM Modes Example 2.1.1?Waveguide modes Example 2.1.2?V-number and the number of modes Example 2.1.3?Mode field width, 2wo 2.2?Modal and Waveguide Dispersion in Planar Waveguides ?? 平面波导中的模间色散和波导色散 A. Waveguide Dispersion Diagram and Group Velocity B. Intermodal Dispersion C. Intramodal Dispersion 2.3?Step-Index Optical Fiber?阶跃折射率分布光纤 A. Principles and Allowed Modes Example 2.3.1?A multimode fiber Example 2.3.2?A single-mode fiber B. Mode Field Diameter Example 2.3.3?Mode field diameter C. Propagation Constant and Group Velocity Example 2.3.4?Group velocity and delay D. Modal Dispersion in Multimode Step-Index Fibers Example 2.3.5?A multimode fiber and dispersion 2.4?Numerical Aperture?数值孔径 Example 2.4.1?A multimode fiber and total acceptance angle Example 2.4.2?A single-mode fiber 2.5?Dispersion In Single-Mode Fibers?单模光纤中的色散 A. Material Dispersion B. Waveguide Dispersion C. Chromatic Dispersion D. Profile and Polarization Dispersion Effects Example 2.5.1?Material dispersion Example 2.5.2?Material, waveguide, and chromatic dispersion Example 2.5.3?Chromatic dispersion at different wavelengths Example 2.5.4?Waveguide dispersion 2.6?Dispersion Modified Fibers and Compensation ?? 色散位移光纤和色散补偿 A. Dispersion Modified Fibers B. Dispersion Compensation Example 2.6.1?Dispersion compensation 2.7?Bit Rate, Dispersion, and Electrical and Optical Bandwidth ?? 比特率、色散及电学和光学带宽 A. Bit Rate and Dispersion B. Optical and Electrical Bandwidth Example 2.7.1?Bit rate and dispersion for a single-mode fiber 2.8?The Graded Index (GRIN) Optical Fiber?渐变折射率光纤 A. Basic Properties of GRIN Fibers B. Telecommunications Example 2.8.1?Dispersion in a graded index fiber and bit rate Example 2.8.2?Dispersion in a graded index fiber and bit rate 2.9?Attenuation in Optical Fibers?光纤的衰减损耗 A. Attenuation Coefficient and Optical Power Levels Example 2.9.1?Attenuation along an optical fiber B. Intrinsic Attenuation in Optical Fibers C. Intrinsic Attenuation Equations Example 2.9.2?Rayleigh scattering equations D. Bending losses Example 2.9.3?Bending loss for SMF 2.10?Fiber Manufacture?光纤的制造 A. Fiber Drawing B. Outside Vapor Deposition Example 2.10.1?Fiber drawing Additional Topics?选学专题 2.11?Wavelength Division Multiplexing: WDM?波分复用 2.12?Nonlinear Effects in Optical Fibers and DWDM ?? 光纤和DWDM中的非线性效应 2.13?Bragg Fibers?布拉格光纤 2.14?Photonic Crystal Fibers—Holey Fibers?光子晶体光纤——多孔光纤 2.15?Fiber Bragg Gratings and Sensors?光纤布拉格光栅和传感器 Example 2.15.1?Fiber Bragg grating at 1550 nm Questions and Problems?习题 Chapter 3?Semiconductor Science and Light-Emitting Diodes ????? 半导体学与发光二极管 3.1?Review of Semiconductor Concepts and Energy Bands ?? 半导体概念和能带概述 A. Energy Band Diagrams, Density of States, Fermi–Dirac Function and Metals B. Energy Band Diagrams of Semiconductors 3.2?Semiconductor Statistics?半导体的统计分布 3.3?Extrinsic Semiconductors?非本征半导体 A. n-Type and p-Type Semiconductors B. Compensation Doping C. Nondegenerate and Degenerate Semiconductors D. Energy Band Diagrams in an Applied Field Example 3.3.1?Fermi levels in semiconductors Example 3.3.2?Conductivity of n-Si 3.4?Direct and Indirect Bandgap Semiconductors: E–k Diagrams ?? 直接带隙和间接带隙半导体： E–k能带图 3.5?pn Junction Principles?pn结原理 A. Open Circuit B. Forward Bias and the Shockley Diode Equation C. Minority Carrier Charge Stored in Forward Bias D. Recombination Current and the Total Current 3.6?pn Junction Reverse Current?pn结的反向电流 3.7?pn Junction Dynamic Resistance and Capacitances?pn结动态电阻和电容 A. Depletion Layer Capacitance B. Dynamic Resistance and Diffusion Capacitance for Small Signals 3.8?Recombination Lifetime?复合寿命 A. Direct Recombination B. Indirect Recombination Example 3.8.1?A direct bandgap pn junction 3.9?pn Junction Band Diagram?pn结的能带图 A. Open Circuit B. Forward and Reverse Bias Example 3.9.1?The built-in voltage from the band diagram 3.10?Heterojunctions?异质结 3.11?Light-Emitting Diodes: Principles?发光二极管基本原理 A. Homojunction LEDs B. Heterostructure High Intensity LEDs C. Output Spectrum Example 3.11.1?LED spectral linewidth Example 3.11.2?LED spectral width Example 3.11.3?Dependence of the emission peak and linewidth on temperature 3.12?Quantum Well High Intensity LEDs?量子阱高亮度LED Example 3.12.1?Energy levels in the quantum well 3.13?LED Materials and Structures?LED材料和结构 A. LED Materials B. LED Structures Example 3.13.1?Light extraction from a bare LED chip 3.14?LED Efficiencies and Luminous Flux?LED的效率和光通量 Example 3.14.1?LED efficiencies Example 3.14.2?LED brightness 3.15?Basic LED Characteristics?LED的基本特性 3.16?LEDs for Optical Fiber Communications?光纤通信应用的LED 3.17?Phosphors and White LEDs?荧光粉和白光LED Additional Topics?选学专题 3.18?LED Electronics?LED电子技术 Questions and Problems?习题 Chapter 4?Stimulated Emission Devices: Optical Amplifiers and Lasers ????? 受激辐射器件——光放大器和激光器 4.1?Stimulated Emission, Photon Amplification, and Lasers ?? 受激辐射、光子放大和激光器 A. Stimulated Emission and Population Inversion B. Photon Amplification and Laser Principles C. Four-Level Laser System 4.2?Stimulated Emission Rate and Emission Cross-Section ?? 受激辐射率和辐射截面 A. Stimulated Emission and Einstein Coefficients Example 4.2.1?Minimum pumping power for three-level laser systems B. Emission and Absorption Cross-Sections Example 4.2.2?Gain coefficient in a Nd3+-doped glass fiber 4.3?Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers?掺铒光纤放大器 A. Principle of Operation and Amplifier Configurations B. EDFA Characteristics, Efficiency, and Gain Saturation Example 4.3.1?An erbium-doped fiber amplifier C. Gain-Flattened EDFAs and Noise Figure 4.4?Gas Lasers: The He-Ne Laser?气体激光器：He-Ne激光器 Example 4.4.1?Efficiency of the He-Ne laser 4.5?The Output Spectrum of a Gas Laser?气体激光器的输出光谱 Example 4.5.1?Doppler broadened linewidth 4.6?Laser Oscillations: Threshold Gain Coefficient and Gain Bandwidth ?? 激光振荡：阈值增益因子和增益带宽 A. Optical Gain Coefficient g B. Threshold Gain Coefficient gth and Output Power Example 4.6.1?Threshold population inversion for the He-Ne laser C. Output Power and Photon Lifetime in the Cavity Example 4.6.2?Output power and photon cavity lifetime τph D. Optical Cavity, Phase Condition, Laser Modes 4.7?Broadening of the Optical Gain Curve and Linewidth ?? 光增益曲线加宽及其线宽 4.8?Pulsed Lasers: Q-Switching and Mode Locking ?? 脉冲激光器：调Q（Q开关）和锁模技术 A. Q-Switching B. Mode Locking 4.9?Principle of the Laser Diode?半导体激光器原理 4.10?Heterostructure Laser Diodes?异质结半导体激光器 Example 4.10.1?Modes in a semiconductor laser and the optical cavity length 4.11?Quantum Well Devices?量子阱器件 Example 4.11.1?A GaAs quantum well 4.12?Elementary Laser Diode Characteristics?激光二极管的基本特性 Example 4.12.1?Laser output wavelength variation with temperature Example 4.12.2?Laser diode efficiencies for a sky-blue LD Example 4.12.3?Laser diode efficiencies 4.13?Steady State Semiconductor Rate Equations: The Laser Diode Equation ?? 稳态半导体速率方程：激光二极管方程 A. Laser Diode Equation B. Optical Gain Curve, Threshold, and Transparency Conditions Example 4.13.1?Threshold current and optical output power from a ??????? Fabry–Perot heterostructure laser diode 4.14?Single Frequency Semiconductor Lasers?单频半导体激光器 A. Distributed Bragg Reflector LDs B. Distributed Feedback LDs C. External Cavity LDs Example 4.14.1?DFB LD wavelength 4.15?Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers?垂直腔面发射激光器 4.16?Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers?半导体光放大器 Additional Topics?选学专题 4.17?Superluminescent and Resonant Cavity Leds: SLD and Rcled ?? 超辐射LED和谐振腔LED：SLD和RCLED 4.18?Direct Modulation of Laser Diodes?激光器直接调制 4.19?Holography?全息技术 Questions and Problems?习题 Chapter 5?Photodetectors and Image Sensors ????? 光电探测器和图像传感器 5.1?Principle of the pn Junction Photodiode?pn结光电二极管原理 A. Basic Principles B. Energy Band Diagrams and Photodetection Modes C. Current-Voltage Convention and Modes of Operation 5.2?Shockley–Ramo Theorem and External Photocurrent ?? 肖克莱-拉莫定理和外光生电流 5.3?Absorption Coefficient and Photodetector Materials ?? 吸收系数和光电探测器材料 5.4?Quantum Efficiency and Responsivity?量子效率和响应度 Example 5.4.1?Quantum efficiency and responsivity Example 5.4.2?Maximum quantum efficiency 5.5?The pin Photodiode?pin光电二极管 Example 5.5.1?Operation and speed of a pin photodiode Example 5.5.2?Photocarrier diffusion in a pin photodiode Example 5.5.3?Responsivity of a pin photodiode Example 5.5.4?Steady state photocurrent in the pin photodiode 5.6?Avalanche Photodiode?雪崩光电二极管 A. Principles and Device Structures Example 5.6.1?InGaAs APD responsivity Example 5.6.2?Silicon APD B. Impact Ionization and Avalanche Multiplication Example 5.6.3?Avalanche multiplication in Si APDs 5.7?Heterojunction Photodiodes?异质结光电二极管 A. Separate Absorption and Multiplication APD B. Superlattice APDs 5.8?Schottky Junction Photodetector?肖特基结光电探测器 5.9?Phototransistors?光电晶体管 5.10?Photoconductive Detectors and Photoconductive Gain ?? 光电导探测器和光电导增益 5.11?Basic Photodiode Circuits?基本光电二极管电路 5.12?Noise in Photodetectors?光电探测器的噪声 A. The pn Junction and pin Photodiodes Example 5.12.1?NEP of a Si pin photodiode Example 5.12.2?Noise of an ideal photodetector Example 5.12.3?SNR of a receiver B. Avalanche Noise in the APD Example 5.12.4?Noise in an APD 5.13?Image Sensors?图像传感器 A. Basic Principles B. Active Matrix Array and CMOS Image Sensors C. Charge-Coupled Devices Additional Topics?选学专题 5.14?Photovoltaic Devices: Solar Cells?光伏器件：太阳能电池 A. Basic Principles B. Operating Current and Voltage and Fill Factor C. Equivalent Circuit of a Solar Cell D. Solar Cell Structures and Efficiencies Example 5.14.1?Solar cell driving a load Example 5.14.2?Open circuit voltage and short circuit current Questions and Problems?习题 Chapter 6?Polarization and Modulation of Light?光的偏振与调制 6.1?Polarization?光的偏振 A. State of Polarization Example 6.1.1?Elliptical and circular polarization B. Malus’s Law 6.2?Light Propagation in an Anisotropic Medium: Birefringence ??各向异性介质中的光传播现象：双折射现象 A. Optical Anisotropy B. Uniaxial Crystals and Fresnel’s Optical Indicatrix C. Birefringence of Calcite D. Dichroism 6.3?Birefringent Optical Devices?双折射光学器件 A. Retarding Plates Example 6.3.1?Quartz-half wave plate Example 6.3.2?Circular polarization from linear polarization B. Soleil–Babinet Compensator C. Birefringent Prisms 6.4?Optical Activity and Circular Birefringence?旋光效应和圆双折射 6.5?Liquid Crystal Displays?液晶显示器 6.6?Electro-Optic Effects?电光效应 A. Definitions B. Pockels Effect Example 6.6.1?Pockels Cell Modulator C. Kerr Effect Example 6.6.2?Kerr Effect Modulator 6.7?Integrated Optical Modulators?集成光调制器 A. Phase and Polarization Modulation B. Mach–Zehnder Modulator C. Coupled Waveguide Modulators Example 6.7.1?Modulated Directional Coupler 6.8?Acousto-Optic Modulator?声光调制器 A. Photoelastic Effect and Principles B. Acousto-Optic Modulators Example 6.8.1?AO Modulator 6.9?Faraday Rotation and Optical Isolators?法拉第旋光效应和光隔离器 Example 6.9.1?Faraday rotation 6.10?Nonlinear Optics and Second Harmonic Generation ?? 非线性光学和二次谐波产生 Additional Topics选学专题 6.11?Jones Vectors?琼斯矢量 Questions and Problems?习题 Appendices Appendix A?Gaussian Distribution?高斯分布 Appendix B?Solid Angles?立体角 Appendix C?Basic Radiometry and Photometry?基本辐射度和光度学 Appendix D?Useful Mathematical Formulae?重要的数学公式 Appendix E?Notation and Abbreviations?部分定义与基本公式 Index

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