《中西文明选读/全国翻译专业系列规划教材》共分八章，分别从政治、经济、宗教、文学、艺术、教育、科技和哲学八个方面选取内容对中西文明进行了分类概述。目前，学者们关于西方文明的界定纷繁复杂，《中西文明选读/全国翻译专业系列规划教材》主要选择了美国、英国、法国和德国作为西方文明国家的代表。
Chapter One Politics
1.1 Politics of the United States of America
1.2 Politics of the United Kingdom
1.3 Politics of the Republic of France
1.4 Politics of the Federal Republic of Germany
Chapter Two Economy
2.1 The Economy of China
2.2 The Economy of the United States
2.3 The Economy of the United Kingdom
2.4 The Economy of France
2.5 The Economy of Germany
Chapter Three Religion
3.1 Major Religions in the World
3.2 Religion in China
3.3 Religion in the West
Chapter Four Literature
4.1 Chinese Literature
4.2 American Literature
4.3 British （English） Literature
4.4 French Literature
4.5 Italian Literature
Chapter Five Arts
5.1 Arts of China
5.2 Arts of the United States
5.3 Arts of the United Kingdom
5.4 Arts of France
5.5 Arts of Germany
Chapter Six Education
6.1 The Education of China
6.2 The Education of the United States
6.3 The Education of the United Kingdom
6.4 The Education of France
6.5 The Education of Germany
Chapter Seven Science and Technology
7.1 Science and Technology in China
7.2 Science and Technology in the United States
7.3 Science and Technology in the United Kingdom
7.4 Science and Technology in France
7.5 Science and Technology in Germany
7.6 Top 10 Inventions in History
Chapter Eight Philosophy
8.1 Philosophy in China
8.2 Philosophy in the West
The Conservative Party is the party that spent most time in power.In the post-1945 period the party of government changed fairly frequently, as Labor government was replaced by Conservative and vice versa.The Conservatives are seen as the party of the individual,protecting the individual's right to acquire wealth and to spend it how they choose, and so favoring economic policies which businessmen prefer, such as low taxes.
Historically, the party has been the mainland party most pre-occupied by British Unionism,as attested to by the party's full name, the Conservative & Unionist Party.This resulted in the merger between the Conservatives and Joseph Chamberlain's Liberal Unionist Party, composed of former Liberals who opposed Irish home rule.The unionist tendency is still in evidence today, manifesting sometimes as a skepticism or opposition to devolution, firm support for the continued existence of the United Kingdom in the face of separatist nationalism, and a historic link with the cultural unionism of Northern Ireland.
H.Labor Party
Labor is a socialist party.They believe a society should be relatively equal in economic terms, and that part of the role of government is to act as a "redistributive" agent.
For most of the 1980s and the 1990s, Conservative governments under Thatcher and her successor John Major pursued policies of privatization, anti-trade-unionism, and, for a time, monetarism, now known collectively as Thatcherism.
Tony Blair became leader of the Labor party after John Smith's sudden death from a heart attack in 1994.He continued to move the Labor Party towards the "center" by loosening links with the unions and embracing many of Margaret Thatcher's liberal economic policies.This,coupled with the professionalizing of the party machine's approach to the media, helped Labor win a historic landslide in the 1997 General Election, after 18 years of Conservative government.Some observers say the Labor Party had by then morphed from a democratic socialist party to a social democratic party, a process which delivered three general election victories but alienated some ofits core base.
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