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理工科物理学（英文版）（原书第8版） 
定 价：128 元 丛书名：时代教育•国外高校优秀教材精选
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《理工科物理学（英文版·原书第8版）》的两大编写原则：就物理学的基本概念和基本原理为学生提供一个清晰、富有逻辑性的讲解：通过大量、有趣的日常生活中的真实例子加强读者对基本概念及原理的理解全书涵盖了经典物理学的基本内容，并简要介绍了近代物理学的内容，共分6部分：牛顿力学及流体；碰撞、机械波及声学；热力学；电学和磁学；光学相对论。
《理工科物理学（英文版·原书第8版）》的整体风格是强调“易学”，注重启发性、紧密联系生活实际，主要特色有：“General Problem-Solving Strategy”为读者提供了一个解答一般性题目的详尽方法，并将这种解题方法贯穿在全书的每个例题中； 大约1／3的例题都包含“What If？”这样的问题，即在解题完成后，改变题目中的某些条件，让读者考虑各个待求量会相应地如何变化这有助于鼓励读者去思考例题的结果，而且也能帮助他们对原理进行概念性的理解： 贯穿在书中的大量的“Quick Quiz”可用来检验读者对物理概念的掌握程度； 《理工科物理学（英文版·原书第8版）》提供的两百多个“Pitfall Preventions”能帮助读者在学习中尽量避免常见错误和误解。 《理工科物理学（英文版·原书第8版）》可作为高等院校理工科各专业的大学物理双语课教材。也可供相关教师及自学爱好者参考之用。
随着我国加入WTO，国际间的竞争越来越激烈，而国际间的竞争实际上也就是人才的竞争、教育的竞争。为了加快培养具有国际竞争力的高水平技术人才，加快我国教育改革的步伐，国家教育部出台了一系列倡导高校开展双语教学、引进原版教材的政策。以此为契机，机械工业出版社陆续推出了一系列影印版国外优秀教材，其内容涉及高等学校公共基础课，以及机、电、信息领域的专业基础课和专业课。
引进国外优秀原版教材，在有条件的学校推动和开展英语授课或双语教学的同时，自然也引进了先进的教学思想和教学方法，这对提高我国自编教材的水平，加强学生的英语实际应用能力，使我国的高等教育尽快与国际接轨，必将起到积极的推动作用。 为了做好教材的引进工作，机械工业出版社特别成立了由著名专家组成的国外高校优秀教材审定委员会。这些专家对实施双语教学做了深入细致的调查研究，对引进原版教材提出了许多建设性意见，并慎重地对每一本将要引进的原版教材一审再审，精选再精选，确认教材本身的质量水平，以及权威性和先进性，以期所引进的原版教材能适应我国学生的外语水平和学习特点。在引进工作中，审定委员会还结合我国高校教学课程体系的设置和要求，对原版教材的教学思想和方法的先进性、科学性严格把关，同时尽量考虑原版教材的系统性和经济性。 这套教材出版后，我们将及时地将其推荐给各高校选用，并将根据各高校的双语教学计划，举办原版教材的教师培训。希望高校师生在使用教材后及时反馈意见和建议，使我们更好地为教学改革服务。
Preface
PART 1： MECHANICS 1.Physics and Measurement 1.1 Standards of Length， Mass， and Time 1.2 Matter and Model Building 1.3 Dimensional Analysis 1.4 Conversion of Units 1.5 Estimates and Order-of-Magnitude Calculations 1.6 Significant Figures Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 2.Motion in One Dimension 2.1 Position， Velocity， and Speed 2.2 Instantaneous Velocity and Speed 2.3 Analysis Model： Particle Under Constant Velocity 2.4 Acceleration 2.5 Motion Diagrams 2.6 Analysis Model： Particle Under Constant Acceleration 2.7 Freely Falling Objects 2.8 Kinematic Equations Derived from Calculus Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 3.Vectors 3.1 Coordinate Systems 3.9 Vector and Scalar Quantities 3.3 Some Properties of Vectors 3.4 Components of a Vector and Unit Vectors Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 4.Motion in Two Dimensions 4.1 The Position， Velocity， and Acceleration Vectors 4.2 Two-Dimensional Motion with Constant Acceleration 4.3 Projectile Motion 4.4 Analysis Model： Particle in Uniform Circular Motion 4.5 Tangential and Radial Acceleration 4.6 Relative Velocity and Relative Acceleration Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 5.The Laws of Motion 5.1 The Concept of Force 5.2 Newtons First Law and Inertial Frames 5.3 Mass 5.4 Newtons Second Law 5.5 The Gravitational Force and Weight 5.6 Newtons Third Law 5.7 Analysis Models Using Newtons Second Law 5.8 Forces of Friction Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 6.Circular Motion and Other Applications of Newtons Laws 6.1 Extending the Particle in Uniform Circular Motion Model 6.2 Nonuniform Circular Motion 6.3 Motion in Accelerated Frames 6.4 Motion in the Presence of Resistive Forces Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 7.Energy of a System 7.1 Systems and Environments 7.2 Work Done by a Constant Force 7.3 The Scalar Product of Two Vectors 7.4 Work Done by a Varying Force 7.5 Kinetic Energy and the Work-Kinetic Energy Theorem 7.6 Potential Energy of a System 7.7 Conservative and Nonconservative Forces 7.8 Relationship Between Conservative Forces and Potential Energy 7.9 Energy Diagrams and Equilibrium of a System Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 8.Conservation of Energy 8.1 Analysis Model： Nonisolated System （Energy） 8.2 Analysis Model： Isolated System （Energy） 8.3 Situations Involving Kinetic Friction 8.4 Changes in Mechanical Energy for Nonconser-vative Forces 8.5 Power Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 9.Linear Momentum and Collisions 9.1 Linear Momentum 9.2 Analysis Model： Isolated System （Momentum） 9.3 Analysis Model： Nonisolated System （Momentum） 9.4 Collisions in One Dimension 9.5 Collisions in Two Dimensions 9.6 The Center of Mass 9.7 Systems of Many Particles 9.8 Deformable Systems 9.9 Rocket Propulsion Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 10. Rotation of a Rigid Object About a Fixed Axis 10.1 Angular Position， Velocity， and Acceleration 10.2 Analysis Model： Rigid Object Under Constant Angular Acceleration 10.3 Angular and Translational Quantities 10.4 Rotational Kinetic Energy 10.5 Calculation of Moments of Inertia 10.6 Torque 10.7 Analysis Model： Rigid Object Under a Net Torque 10.8 Energy Considerations in Rotational Motion 10.9 Rolling Motion of a Rigid Object Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 11. Angular Momentum 11.1 The Vector Product and Torque 11.2 Analysis Model： Nonisolated System （Angular Momentum） 11.3 Angular Momentum of a Rotating Rigid Object 11.4 Analysis Model： Isolated System （Angular Momentum） 11.5 The Motion of Gyroscopes and Tops Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 12. Static Equilibrium and Elasticity 12.1 Analysis Model： Rigid Object in Equilibrium 12.2 More on the Center of Gravity 12.3 Examples of Rigid Objects in Static Equilibrium 12.4 Elastic Properties of Solids Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 13. Universal Gravitation 13.1 Newtons Law of Universal Gravitation 13.2 Free-Fall Acceleration and the Gravitational Force 13.3 Keplers Laws and the Motion of Planets 13.4 The Gravitational Field 13.5 Gravitational Potential Energy 13.6 Energy Considerations in Planetary and Satellite Motion Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 14. Fluid Mechanics 14.1 Pressure 14.2 Variation of Pressure with Depth 14.3 Pressure Measurements 14.4 Buoyant Forces and Archimedess Principle 14.5 Fluid Dynamics 14.6 Bernoullis Equation 14.7 Other Applications of Fluid Dynamics Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems PART 2： OSCILLATIONS AND MECHANICAL WAVES 15. Oscillatory Motion 15.1 Motion of an Object Attached to a Spring 15.2 Analysis Model： Particle in Simple Harmonic Motion 15.3 Energy of the Simple Harmonic Oscillator 15.4 Comparing Simple Harmonic Motion with Uniform Circular Motion 15.5 The Pendulum 15.6 Damped Oscillations 15.7 Forced Oscillations Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 16. Wave Motion494 16.1 Propagation of a Disturbance 16.2 Analysis Model： Traveling Wave 16.3 The Speed of Waves on Strings 16.4 Reflection and Transmission 16.5 Rate of Energy Transfer by Sinusoidal Waves onStrings 16.6 The Linear Wave Equation Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 17. Sound Waves 17.1 Pressure Variations in Sound Waves 17.2 Speed of Sound Waves 17.3 Intensity of Periodic Sound Waves 17.4 The Doppler Effect Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 18. Superposition and Standing Waves 18.1 Analysis Model： Waves in Interference 18.2 Standing Waves 18.3 Analysis Model： Waves Under Boundary Conditions 18.4 Resonance 18.5 Standing Waves in Air Columns 18.6 Standing Waves in Rods and Membranes 18.7 Beats： Interference in Time 18.8 Nonsinusoidal Wave Patterns Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems PART 3： THERMODYNAMICS 19. Temperature 19.1 Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics 19.2 Thermometers and the Celsius Temperature Scale 19.3 The Constant-Volume Gas Thermometer and the Absolute Temperature Scale 19.4 Thermal Expansion of Solids and Liquids 19.5 Macroscopic Description of an Ideal Gas Summary Objective Questizons Conceptual Questions Problems 20. The First Law of Thermodynamics 20.1 Heat and Internal Energy 20.2 Specific Heat and Calorimetry 20.3 Latent Heat 20.4 Work and Heat in Thermodynamic Processes 20.5 The First Law of Thermodynamics 20.6 Some Applications of the First Law of Thermodynamics 20.7 Energy Transfer Mechanisms in Thermal Processes Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 21. The Kinetic Theory of Gases 21.1 Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas 21.2 Molar Specific Heat of an Ideal Gas 21.3 Adiabatic Processes for an Ideal Gas 21.4 The Equipartition of Energy 21.5 Distribution of Molecular Speeds Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 22. Heat Engines， Entropy， and the Second Law of Thermodynamics 22.1 Heat Engines and the Second Law of Thermodynamics 22.2 Heat Pumps and Refrigerators 22.3 Reversible and Irreversible Processes 22.4 The Carnot Engine 22.5 Gasoline and Diesel Engines 22.6 Entropy 22.7 Entropy and the Second Law 22.8 Entropy on a Microscopic Scale Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems PART 4： ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM 23. Electric Fields 23.1 Properties of Electric Charges 23.2 Charging Objects by Induction 23.3 Coulombs Law 23.4 The Electric Field 23.5 Electric Field of a Continuous Charge Distribution 23.6 Electric Field Lines 23.7 Motion of a Charged Particle in a Uniform Electric Field Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 24．Gauss，SLaw 24．1 Electric Flux 24．2 Gauss’s Law 24．3 Application of Gauss’s Law to Various Charge Distributions 24．4 Conductors in Electrostatic Equilibrium Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 25．Electric Potential 25．1 Electric Potential and Potential Difference 25．2 Potential Difrerence in a Uniform Electric Field 25．3 Electric Potential and Potential Energy Due to Point Charges 25．4 Obtaining the Value of the Electric Field from the Electric Potential 25．5 Electric Potential DHe to Continuous Charge Distributions 25．6 Electric Potential DHe to a Charged Conductor 25．7 The Millikan Oil-Drop Experiment 25．8 Applications of Electrostatics Summary Objective Ouestions Conceptual Questions Problems 26．Capacitance and Dielectrics 26．1 Deftnition of Capacitance 26．2 Calculating Capacitance 26．3 Combinations of Capacitors 26．4 Energy Stored in a Charged Capacitor 26．5 Capacitors with Dielectrics 26．6 Electric Dipole in an Electric Field 26．7 An Atomic Description of Dielectrics Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 27．Current and Resistance 27．1 Electric Current． 27．2 Resistance 27．3 A Model for Electrical Conduction 27．4 Resistance and Temperature 27．5 Superconductors 27．6 Electrical Power Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 28．Direct-Current Circuits 28．1 Electromotive Force 28．2 Resistors in Series and Parallel 28．3 Kirchhoff’s Rules 28．4 RC Circuits 28．5 Household Wiring and Electrical Safetv Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 29．Magnetic Fields 29．1 Magnetic Fields and Forces 29．2 Motion of a Charged Particle in a UnifcIrm Magnetic Field 29．3 Applications Involving Charged Particles Moving in a Magnetic Field 29．4 Magnetic Force Acting on a Current．Carrying Conductor 29．5 Torque on a Current Loop in a Uniform Magnetic Field 29．6 The Hall Eflbct Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 30．Sources of the Magnetic Field 30．1 The Biot-SavartLaw 30．2 The Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Conductors 30．3 Ampere’s Law 30．4 The Magnetic Field of a Solenoid 30．5 GRUSS’s Law in Magnetism 30．6 Magnetism in Matter Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 31．FaradaysLaw 31．1 Faraday’s Law of Induction 31．2 Motional emf 31．3 Lenz’sLaw 31．4 Induced emf and Electric Fields 31．5 Generators and Motors 31．6 Eddy Currents Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 32．Inductance 32．1 Self-Induction and Inductance 32．2 RL Circuits 32．3 Energy in a Magnetic Field 32．4 Mutual Inductance 32．5 Oscillations in an LC Circuit 32．6 The RLC Circuit Summary Objective Questions Conceptual Questions Problems 33．Alternating-Current Circuits 33．1 AC Sources 33．2 Resistors in an AC Circuit 33．3 Tndllctors in an Ar Gircuit ……
This method is somewhat similar to the common practice in the legal profession of finding“legal precedents．” If a previously resolved case can be found that is very similar legally to the current one，it is used as a model and an argument is made in court to link them logically．The finding in the previous case can then be used to sway the finding in the current case．We will do something similar in physics．For a given problem，we search for a“physics precedent，”a model with which we are already familiar and that can be applied to the current problem． We shall generate analysis models based on fomr fundamental simplification models．The first of the four is the particle model discussed in the introduction to this chapter．We will look at a particle under various behaviors and environmental interactions．Further analysis models are introduced in later chapters based on simplification models of a ststem，a rigid object， and a wave．0nee we have introduced these analysis roodels．we shall see that they appear again and again in different problem situations．
When solving a problem，you should avoid browsing through the chapter looking for an equation that contains the unknown variable that is requested in the problem．In many cases，the equation you find may have nothing to do with the problem you are attempting to solve．It is much better to take this first step：Identifv the analysis model that is appropriate for the problem．To do so，think carefully about what is going on in the problem and match it to a situation you have seen be fore．0nce the analysis model is identified，there are a small number of equations from which to choose that are appropriate for that model．There fore，the model tells you which equation（s）to use for the mathematical representation． Let us use Equation 2．2 to build our first analysis model for solving problems．We imagine a particle moving with a constant velocity．The roodel of a particle under constant velocity can be applied in any situation in which an entiw that can be modeled as a particle is moving with constant velocity．This situation Occurs frequently，so this model is important．
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